HUNDERTWASSER 68 VINTAGE ORIGINAL FIRST DY COVERS. 9 ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL.
ABSOLUTELY GORGEOUS AS A LOT OF 68. He was born as Friedrich Stowasser, on December 15, 1928, in Vienna, to Elsa Stowsser, a Jewish woman, and Earnest Stowasser, a technical civil servant and World War I veteran. Earnest Stowasser died in 1929, leaving young Friedrich and his mother behind.
At the age of seven, Friedrich affinity for art was first detected at the Montessori School of Vienna in 1936. In 1938, he and his mother were forced to leave their home and move in with his aunt and grandmother. The Nazi annexation of Austria precipitated their departure. In Nazi-controlled Austria, young Hundertwasser and his mother posed as Christian despite their Jewish heritage.
He joined the Hitler Youth in 1941 to mislead Nazi authorities about his Jewish heritage. After 1945, he attended the Academy of Fine Art in Vienna. It was this academy which denied a young Hitler admission to its classes. In the academy he began using different sobriquets, such as, Regentag, Dunkelbut, and Hundertwasser to sign his name on art. He continued using these sobriquets throughout his career; though Hundertwasser remained the most prominent one.
Upon leaving the Academy after a few months, he took his artist's tools and traveled to Italy, forming a lifelong friendship with French painter Rene Bro. From their first meeting in 1949, he and Bro traveled together in later years to exotic locales. In 1952-53 he obtained his first commercial success in Vienna with a show of his paintings. His paintings featured bright colors such as, blue and red and he projected imagery which idealized the harmony of man with nature, with an infatuation with the spiral motif. Recommended Lists:Austrian ArtistsAustrian ArchitectsSagittarius Men.
In the early 1950s, he emphasized architecture as his chief artistic expression. From the beginning, he espoused more human touches to living communally, such as the right of tenants to decorate, paint, or even scrape away the masonry in their homes. In 1958 at a professional event, he read aloud his manifesto on rejecting straight lines and traditional architectural design. From proposing his ideas on architecture in demonstrations or public speeches, he evolved to more strident means of spreading his ideas on the human condition. In 1967 he lectured, in the nude, regarding what eventually became his famous skins theory.The theory maintained that humans have three skins: epidermis, clothing, and house. In 1972, his skins theory added the social environment, and the planetary skin. These last two skins acknowledged influences beyond the individual, a maturing of Hundertwasser's philosophy. In the early 1980s, he became an'architect doctor,' remodeling a factory and grain silo. He implemented growing vegetation on rooftops and uneven floors.
1999 saw the beginning of his last project in Magdeburg, Germany; the project was unfinished at the time of his death and was finished years later. He bought extensive property in New Zealand in the 1970's, including portions of the Kaurinui valley. His famous Bottle House there exemplified his belief of self-sufficiency, using solar panels, water wheel, water purification plan, and grass roofs. In 1983, he designed the Koru Flag for New Zealand, in response to sentiments that the current New Zealand flag represents British imperialism. The design incorporates his favorite spiral motif, with a black stripe on the left, with a green spiral representing a Maori pattern known as the koru. The corresponding white spiral alludes to the Maori name for New Zealand. Vienna's Hundertwasser House, completed in 1985, represents his work in partnership with architect Joseph Krawina. The expressionist building houses 52 apartments, four offices, three communal terraces and 16 private terraces, with 250 trees and bushes integrated into the structure, making it one of Vienna's most visited places. In 1959, he received the Sanbra Prize at the 5th São Paulo Biennale. In 1961, he received the Mainichi Prize at the 6th International Art Exhibition in Tokyo. He was awarded the Golden Medal of Honour in Vienna and the Golden Medal of Honour of the Austrian state of Styria in 1988. Thanks to his architectural efforts, tourism grew. In 1998 he was honored with the VDRJ-Prize in Berlin for his unique promotion of Germany as a tourist destination. He married Herta Leitner in 1958, divorcing in 1960. In 1962 he married again, to the Japanese artist Yuko Ikewada, ending his marriage in 1966. The Hundertwasser House in Vienna is named after him as he was its major designer. The landmark is a major tourist attraction.The Hundertwasser Foundation was created to sponsor creative activity. Its focus is particularly in the field of painting, ecology, and architecture.
He designed the Kawakawa Hundertwasser Toilet Block. The outside and inside designs are typical, with spirals and reused materials such as glass bricks. His name means'Peace-Realm Hundred-Water.Born in Vienna on December 15th as Friedrich Stowasser. Friedrich Stowasser with his mother at the seaside, c. Hundertwasser with René Brô in the Castiglione pavillon at Saint-Mandé near Paris in front of the mural they painted together, 1950. Hundertwasser before the opening of his exhibition at Studio Paul Facchetti, Paris, 1954.
Death of his father, technical civil servant and officer in World War I. First deliberate crayon drawings after nature. During this year, about 69 Jewish relations on his mother's side are deported and killed. Spends three months at the Academy of Fine Arts, Vienna, under Prof.
Lastingly influenced by a Walter Kampmann exhibition in the Albertina and by Schiele exhibitions. Start of extensive travelling: North Italy, Tuscany, Rome, Napels, Sicily. In Florence he meets René Brô and follows him to Paris.
Develops his own style and adopts the name Hundertwasser. Stays in Paris with Brô and the Dumage family. Leaves the Ecole des Beaux Arts on his first day. Paints two murals together with Brô in Saint Mandé. First exhibition at the Art Club of Vienna. Works in Brô's studio, St. Second Art Club exhibition, Vienna.First exhibition in Paris at Studio Paul Facchetti. Develops the theory of "transautomatism" and begins to number his works. Marries in Gibraltar (divorced 1960).
Reads his Mould Manifesto against Rationalism in Architecture on the occasion of a congress at Seckau monastery. The Hamburg Line - The Growing Red Sea, Lerchenfeld Art Institute, Hamburg, 1959. Speech in the nude for the Right to a Third Skin on the occasion of a Pintorarium action, Galerie Richard P.
Receives the Sanbra Prize at the 5th Sao Paolo Biennial. Founds the "Pintorarium", a universal academy of all creative fields, together with Ernst Fuchs and Arnulf Rainer. As guest lecturer at the Academy of Fine Arts in Hamburg, he draws the Endless Line with Bazon Brock and Harald Schult. Receives the Mainichi Prize at the 6th International Art Exhibition, Tokyo.Very successful exhibiton in Tokyo. Marries Yuko Ikewada (divorced 1966). Very successful retrospective at the Venice Biennial.
Ferry Radax films the first domentary on Hundertwasser in "La Picaudière" and in the Austria Waldviertel region (Lower Austria). Travels to Uganda and the Sudan.Touring exhibition in galleries in Paris, London, Geneva, Berlin. Nude demonstration for The Right to a Third Skin in Munich. Second Nude speech and reading of architecture boycott manifesto Los von Loos (Loose from Loos) in Vienna. Travels to California to prepare a cataloge for a museum exhibition at the University of California, Berkeley, (organized by Herschel Chipp). Works on the Olympia poster for Munich in Lengmoos.
Hundertwasser on the Eurovision programme'Make a Wish' with Dietmar Schönherr, Dusseldorf, 1972. Collaboration with Peter Schamoni on the film Hundertwasser Regentag. Works on the Regentag print portfolio at the Dietz printshop in Lengmoos, Bavaria. On the TV show "Wünsch Dir was" (Make a wish) demonstrates roof forestation and individual facade design. Publishes manifesto Your window right - your tree duty.
The Regentag film is shown in Cannes. Sails around Italy to Elba in the "Regentag". First portfolio with Japanese woodcuts: Nana Hiaku Mizu.
Hundertwasser is the first European painter to have his works cut by Japanese masters. Takes part in the Triennale di Milano, where 12 Tree Tenants are planted in windows on the Via Manzoni. Publishes manifesto Humus Toilet in Munich. The world travelling exhibition tour Austria presents Hundertwasser to the Continents (with catalogue) begins in the Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris.The Albertina exhibition of his entire graphic oeuvre begins a tour through the USA: New York, Boston. World touring exhibition: Tel Aviv, Warsaw, Reykjavik, Copenhagen, Dakar. Albertina graphic tour in the USA: Hanover, Brooklyn, Maryland. Designs the Peace Flag for the Near East with a green Arab crescent moon and blue Star of David against a white background and publishes his Peace Manifesto.
World touring exhibition: Mexico City, Montreal, Toronto, Brussels, Budapest. Albertina graphic tour: Canada, Germany, Morocco. Peace Flag and Peace Manifesto are sent by Austrian Chancellor Bruno Kreisky to heads of state in the Near East. The Austrian State Printing Office prints three stamps for the Republic of Senegal and one for the Republic of the Cape Verde Islands, engraved by Wolfgang Seidel.Strategic discussion with ecologist Peter Weish at the sit-in to save the Hainburg Au, 1984. 862 THE KORU FLAG FOR NEW ZEALAND, 1983.
876 AUSFLAG - ULURU FLAG. Flag design for Australia, 1986. "Hundertwasser Day" in Washington, D.
On November 18th, proclaimed by Mayor Marion Barry. Planting of the first 12 of 100 trees on Judiciary Square, Washington, D.
Presentation of the anti-nuclear poster Plant Trees Avert Nuclear Peril to Ralph Nader's Critical Mass Energy Project, Washington, D. Along with the environmental poster Arche Noah 2000 for Germany. Speaks on ecology, against nuclear power and for an architecture befitting man and nature in the US Senate, the Corcoran Museum, the Phillips Collection, all in Washington; in Berlin on the occasion of the 2nd European Ecology Symposium, at the Technological Universities in Vienna and Oslo.
Speech in Vienna on False Art against nuclear energy and negative avantgarde in modern art on the occasion of receiving the Grand Austrian State Prize on 14 February (awarded 1980). Appointed head of a Master School for painting at the Academy of Fine Arts, Vienna.Writes Guidelines for the Hundertwasser Master School. As "architecture doctor", redesigns the facade of the Rosenthal Factory of Selb.
Makes ceramic tongue-beards for the facade of the Museum Rupertinum, Salzburg. Donates poster Artists for Peace to the Krefeld Initiative. "Hundertwasser Week" in San Francisco, proclaimed by Dianne Feinstein, Mayor of San Francisco, to mark the presentation of the two posters Save the Whales and Save the Seas to Greenpeace and Jacques Cousteau Society.
Presentation of the poster You are a Guest of Nature to the Centre of Environmental Education, Washington D. Cornerstone of the Hundertwasser House is laid in Vienna.
Designs a flag for New Zealand, the Koru, an Unfurled Fern. Takes an active part in the campaign to save Hainburg wetlands. Camps there for a week. Designs the poster Hainburg - Die freie Natur ist unsere Freiheit (Free Nature is Our Freedom).
On 17 February the Hundertwasser House is is turned over to the tenants; 70,000 visitors have attended the "Open House". 1,000 green Koru-flags flow in New Zealand; great interest on the part of the population, press and parliament. Designs Uluru - Down Under Flag for Australia. Work on the design of the Brockhaus encyclopaedia, continuing into the next year. Cept Europalia 1987, a stamp depicting the Residential Building of the City of Vienna, appears in March in Austria.Designs the Luna-Luna poster for André Heller. Designs the poster and redisigns the Palais des Beaux Arts in Brussels for Europalia. Drafts a new design for the Church of St. Barbara in Bärnbach, Styria, and plans a Children's Day-care Centre in Heddernheim, Frankfurt. At the invitation of the Mayor of Vienna, Helmut Zilk, he takes on the task of redesigning Vienna's Spittelau District Heating Plant.
Teaches at the International Summer-Academy in Salzburg Human Architecture in Harmony with Nature with Efthymios Warlamis and Irenäus Eibl-Eibesfeldt. Awarded the Golden Medal of Honour of the City of Vienna and the Golden Medal of Honour of the State of Styria. Builds his Hügelwiesenland In the Meadow Hills (Rolling Hills) model. Work on architectural realisations: KunstHausWien; Motorway-Restaurant Bad Fischau; AGIP Service Station Vienna; HBW Incinerator Spittelau Vienna; In the Meadows, Bad Soden, Germany; Village Shopping Mall, Vienna; Textile Factory Muntlix, Vorarlberg; Winery Napa Valley, California. Completion of KunstHausWien, opening on April, 9.
Concept and development of architectural projects: the Thermal Village Blumau, Styria, for Rogner Austria, which is based on Hundertwasser's Rolling Hills. Town planning for Griffen, Carinthia, Austria.
Housing comples Living beneath the Rain Tower in Plochingen, Germany. Presentation of the Hundertwasser Art Jeton designed for Casino Austria. 934 COUNTDOWN 21ST CENTURY MONUMENT FOR TBS.
BOEING B 757 CONDOR, Airplane design, 1995. In Tokyo Hundertwasser's 21st Century Clock Monument is installed. The Tokyo Braodcasting System broadcasts a TV documentary on Hundertwasser's architecture and his ecological commitment.Work on the Hundertwasser-Bible project. Involvement in the campaign opposing Austria's joining the European Union. Works on Blumau Hot Springs Village. Redesign of Martin-Luther-Grammar School in Wittenberg, Germany. Design for the exterior of a Boeing B 757 for the German Condor airline, rejected.
Awarded the Tourism Prize of Viennese Industry 1996. Presentation of the architectural project Die Wald-Spirale von Darmstadt. Exhibition of stamp designs, graphic work and architecture models at the Philatelia in Cologne. Awarded the "Grand Prix of German philately". Works on 366 individual book cover designs for Bertelsmann Book Club. Inauguration of the Rogner Thermal Bath in Blumau, Styria.Design and model of the architecture project MOP for the city of Osaka, Japan, and Hoch-Wiesen for Dresden, Germany. Architectural design and model for a farmers's market in Altenrhein, Switzerland. Retrospective museum exhibition at the Institute Mathildenhöhe, Darmstadt, Germany.
The Submersion of Atlantis, a ceramic-mural is installed at Oriente station in Lisbon. Supports an ecological project for the afforestation of the desert in Israel with his poster Among trees you feel at home. Hundertwasser lives and works in New Zealand. Architectural projects: Sludge Center, Osaka; The Green Citadel of Magdeburg and Uelzen Railroad Station, Germany. Reconstruction work for the new Kawakawa Public Toilet, New Zealand.
Designs the layout and book covers for his oeuvre raisonné books. The tulip tree growing on Hundertwasser's grave, 2008. Architectural projects for Teneriffa and Dillingen/Saar, Germany. Dies on Saturday, February, 19, in the Pacific, on board of Queen Elizabeth II from a heart attack. According to his wish he is being buried in harmony with nature on his land in New Zealand, in the Garden of the Happy Deads, under a tulip tree.
Following Austria's annexation, forced removal to his aunt's and grandmother's home on Obere Donaustraße. 69 of his Jewish relations on his mother's side are deported and killed. Spends three months at the Academy of Fine Arts, Vienna. First exhibition in Art Club of Vienna. First exhibition in Paris at the Studio Paul Facchetti. Develops the theory of "trans-automatism" and begins to number his works. Exhibition at Carlo Cardazzo's Galleria del Naviglio, Milan. Publishes his theory of "Transautomatism" in "Cimaises" and "Phases" in Paris. Publishes the "Grammar of Seeing".Reads his "Mould Manifesto against Rationalism in Architecture" on the occasion of a congress in Seckau Monastery. Together with Ernst Fuchs and Arnulf Rainer, founds the "Pintorarium", a universal academy of all creative fields.
As guest lecturer at the Academy of Fine Art in Hamburg, he draws the "Endless Line" with Bazon Brock and Schuldt. Paints in a Studio on the Giudecca, Venice. Very successful retrospective at the Venice Biennale. Large retrospective in the Kestner-Gesellschaft, Hanover, with ouvre catalogue. First documentary film, produced by Ferry Radax.
Nude speech for "The Right to a Third Skin" in Munich. The "San Giuseppe T" is converted into the "Regentag" in dockyards in the Venice lagoon. Nude speech and reading of "Los von Loos" (Loose from Loos) in Vienna.Museum exhibitions in the United States. Lives and works on board of "Regentag" in the Venice lagoon.
Collaboration with Peter Schamoni on the film "Hundertwasser's Regentag". Works on the print portfolio "Look at it on a rainy day" in Dietz Offizin in Lengmoos, Bavaria. In the TV show "Wünsch dir was" (Make a Wish), demonstrates in support of roof forestation and individual façade design. Publishes manifesto "Your window right - your tree duty". First portfolio with Japanese woodcuts: "Nana Hyaku Mizu". Takes part in the Milan Triennial, where c. 15 tree tenants are planted in the Via Manzoni. Touring exhibition in New Zealand. Exhibition in Haus der Kunst, Munich. Hereby launches the series "Modern Art in Austria". Beginning of the world travelling exhibition tour in the Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris, continues until 1983 in 27 countries and 43 museums. In the Albertina, Vienna, start of the world travelling exhibition of his complete graphic ouvre. It continues until 1992 in 15 countries and more than 80 museums and galleries. Sails the "Regentag" across the Atlantic to the Caribbean, through the Panama Canal to?Designs "Peace flag for the Holy Land" with a green Arab sickle moon and blue Star of David against a white background and publishes his "Peace Manifesto". Three stamps printed for the Senegal. Reads manifesto on recycling "Shit Culture - Holy Shit" at Pfäffikon on the Lake of Zurich. The touring exhibition "Hundertwasser Is Painting" with 40 new works starts in New York.
Speaks on ecology, against nuclear power and for an architecture befitting man and nature in the U. Senate, the Corcoran Gallery, and the Phillips Collection in Washington, D. In Berlin, in Vienna and Oslo Technical Universities. Tree planting in Judiciary Square, Washington, D. Appointed to the Academy of Fine Arts, Vienna. Writes "Guidelines for the Hundertwasser Master School". Founds a committee for the preservation of the old Kawakawa Post Office, New Zealand. Works in Spinea on silkscreen 860 Homo Humus Come Va How Do You Do in 10.002 different versions. Designs a flag for New Zealand, the Koru. Takes an active part in campaigns to save Hainburg leas. Camps in the leas for a week. Start of the cooperation with the architect Peter Pelikan. Works all year on the building site of the Hundertwasser House in Vienna. 70.000 visitors attend the "Open House". Designs "Uluru - Down-under Flag" for Australia.Design of the Brockhaus Encyclopaedia. Barbara's Church in Bärnbach, Styria, and plans a Children's Day-care Centre in Heddernheim, Frankfurt. Redesigns and campaigns to retain the existing form of Austrian licence plates. Involvement in the campaign to preserve Austrian identity in the matter of licence plates.
Builds architecture model "In the Meadow Hills". Works on architecture projects: KunstHausWien; Highway Restaurant Bad Fischau;?District Heating Plant Spittelau, Vienna; In the Meadows, Bad Soden, Germany; Village Shopping Mall, Vienna; Textile Factory Muntlix, Vorarlberg; Winery Napa Valley, California. Inauguration of KunstHausWien on April, 9. Concept and development of architecture projects: inner Courtyard of the Housing Development in Plochingen, Germany; the Thermal Village Blumau, Styria, for Rogner Austria, which is the realisation of Hundertwasser's idea "In the Meadow Hills" - Rolling Hills.
In Tokyo Hundertwasser's Countdown 21st Century Monument for TBS is installed. Involvement in the campaign opposing Austria's joining of the European Union. Exhibition at the Municipal Museum in Braunschweig? Design and planning of architecture projects: The Forest Spiral of Darmstadt, Hohe-Haine-Dresden, Germany; MOP Maishima Incineration Plant for the city of Osaka, Japan; Market Hall Altenrhein, Switzerland. Beginning of construction work at the Martin Luther Gymnasium in Wittenberg, Germany. Retrospective museum exhibition at the Institute Mathildenhöhe, Darmstadt, Germany, and in Japan. Architecture design for the Pumping Station, Sakishima Island, Osaka, Japan. Works on the Portfolio "La Giudecca Colorata". Architecture projects: Maishima Sludge Center, Osaka; The Green Citadel of Magdeburg, Hundertwasser Environmental Railroad Station, Uelzen, Ronald McDonald House, Essen, Germany; Kawakawa Public Toilet, New Zealand. Museum exhibitions of architecture work in Japan. Architecture projects for Tenerife and Dillingen/Saar, Germany. Dies on Saturday, February 19, in the Pacific, on board of Queen Elizabeth 2 from a heart attack.According to his wish he is being buried in harmony with nature on his land in New Zealand, in the Garden of the Happy Deads under a Tulip Tree. Friedrich Stowasser (December 15, 1928 - February 19, 2000), better known by his pseudonym Friedensreich Regentag Dunkelbunt Hundertwasser, was an Austrian-born New Zealand artist[1] and architect who also worked in the field of environmental protection. Hundertwasser stood out as an opponent of "a straight line" and any standardization, expressing this concept in the field of building design.
His best known work is the Hundertwasserhaus in Vienna, Austria which has become a notable place of interest in the Austrian capital, characterised by imaginative vitality and uniqueness. The Second World War was a very difficult time for Hundertwasser and his mother Elsa, who were Jewish. They avoided persecution by posing as Christians, a credible ruse as Hundertwasser's father had been a Catholic. Hundertwasser was baptized as a Catholic in 1935. To remain inconspicuous Hundertwasser also joined the Hitler Youth. Hundertwasser developed artistic skills early on. After the war, he spent three months at the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna. At this time he began to sign his art as Hundertwasser instead of Stowasser. He left to travel using a small set of paints he carried at all times to sketch anything that caught his eye. In Florence, he met the young French painter René Brô for the first time and they became lifelong friends. Hundertwasser's first commercial painting success was in 1952-53 with an exhibition in Vienna.Hundertwasser (left) 1965 in Hannover. His adopted surname is based on the translation of "sto" the Slavic word for "(one) hundred" into German. The name Friedensreich has a double meaning as "Peace-realm" or "Peace-rich" (in the sense of "peaceful"). Therefore, his name Friedensreich Hundertwasser translates directly into English as "Peace-Realm Hundred-Water". The other names he chose for himself, Regentag and Dunkelbunt, translate to "Rainy day" and "Darkly multi-coloured".
In the early 1950s, he entered the field of architecture. Hundertwasser also worked in the field of applied art, creating flags, stamps, coins, and posters. He also designed stamps for Cape Verde and for the United Nations postal administration in Geneva on the occasion of the 35th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
In 1957 Hundertwasser acquired a farm on the edge of Normandy. [3] Hundertwasser married Herta Leitner in 1958 but they divorced two years later.He married again in 1962 to the Japanese artist Yuko Ikewada but she divorced him in 1966. He had gained a popular reputation by this time for his art.
In 1964 Hundertwasser bought "Hahnsäge", a former saw mill, in the sparsely populated Lower Austria's Waldviertel. There, far from the hustle and bustle and surrounded by nature, he set up a new home. In 1972 Hundertwasser incorporated in Switzerland, the "Grüner Janura AG", which was renamed to "Namida AG" 2008. Via this stock company Hundertwasser managed his intellectual property rights.
In the 1970s, Hundertwasser acquired several properties in the Bay of Islands in New Zealand, which include a total area of approximately 372 ha of the entire "Kaurinui" valley. There he realized his dream of living and working closely connected to nature. Beside other projects he designed the "Bottle House" there. He could live largely self-sufficient using solar panels, a water wheel and a biological water purification plant.Also his first grass roofs experiment took place here. In 1979 Hundertwasser bought the vast historical garden Giardino Eden including the Palazzo Villa delle Rose, from Alexandra of Yugoslavia via his Swiss company. In 1980, Hundertwasser visited Washington D.
To support activist Ralph Nader's efforts to oppose nuclear proliferation. [8] Hundertwasser planted trees in Judiciary Square and advocated on behalf of a co-op owner who was fined for designing her own window. Mayor Marion Barry declared November 18 to be Hundertwasser Day. In 1982, Hundertwasser's only child, his daughter Heidi Trimmel, was born. Hundertwasser was buried in New Zealand after his death at sea on the RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 in 2000 at the age of 71.
In a letter from 1954 Hundertwasser described the square as "geometric rectangles compressed columns on the march". In 1959 Hundertwasser got involved with helping the Dalai Lama escape from Tibet by campaigning for the Tibetan religious leader in Carl Laszlo's magazine Panderma. In later years, when he was already a known artist, Friedensreich Hundertwasser became an environmental activist and most recently operated as a more prominent opponent of the European Union, advocating the preservation of regional peculiarities. Among the lesser-known facets of Hundertwasser's personality is his commitment to constitutional monarchy. Austria needs something to look up to, consisting of perennial higher values-of which one now hardly dares to speak-such as beauty, culture, internal and external peace, faith, richness of heart...
Austria needs an emperor, who is subservient to the people. A superior and radiant figure in whom everyone has confidence, because this great figure is a possession of all. The rationalist way of thinking has brought us, in this century, an ephemeral higher, American standard of living at the expense of nature and creation, which is now coming to an end, for it is destroying our heart, our quality of life, our longing, without which an Austrian does not want to live.
It is outrageous that Austria has an emperor who did no evil to anyone but is still treated like a leper. Long live the constitutional monarchy! Long live Otto von Habsburg! Friedensreich Hundertwasser, Für die Wiederkehr der konstitutionellen Monarchie (For the Return of the Constitutional Monarchy). Kaurinui, New Zealand, 28 March 1983; dedicated, on 14 May 1987, to Otto von Habsburg for his 75th birthday.
Hundertwasser's koru flag, proposed in 1983 as a new New Zealand national flag based on a motif from Maori culture. Hundertwasser's Down Under Flag, proposal for a new Australian national flag with Uluru positioned to show "Australia holding the earth from down under". The common themes in his work utilised bright colours, organic forms, a reconciliation of humans with nature, and a strong individualism, rejecting straight lines. He was fascinated by spirals, and called straight lines "godless and immoral" and "something cowardly drawn with a rule, without thought or feeling"[11] He called his theory of art "transautomatism", focusing on the experience of the viewer rather than the artist. [12] This was encapsulated by his design of a new flag for New Zealand, which incorporated the image of the Koru a spiral shape based on the image of a new unfurling silver fern frond and symbolizing new life, growth, strength and peace according to the Maori people.
A typical Hundertwasser facade: the Hundertwasserhaus in Plochingen, Germany. Even though Hundertwasser first achieved notoriety for his boldly-coloured paintings, he is more widely known for his individual architectural designs. These designs use irregular forms, and incorporate natural features of the landscape. The Hundertwasserhaus apartment block in Vienna has undulating floors ("an uneven floor is a melody to the feet"), a roof covered with earth and grass, and large trees growing from inside the rooms, with limbs extending from windows. From the early 1950s he increasingly focused on architecture, advocating more just human and environmental friendly buildings.
This began with manifestos, essays and demonstrations. For example, he read out his "Mouldiness Manifesto against Rationalism in Architecture" in 1958 on the occasion of an art and architectural event held at the Seckau Monastery. He rejected the straight line and the functional architecture. [13] In Munich in 1967 he gave a lecture called "Speech in Nude for the Right to a Third Skin". His lecture "Loose from Loos, A Law Permitting Individual Buildings Alterations or Architecture-Boycott Manifesto", was given at the Concordia Press Club in Vienna in 1968.In the Mouldiness Manifesto he first claimed the "Window Right":A person in a rented apartment must be able to lean out of his window and scrape off the masonry within arm's reach. And he must be allowed to take a long brush and paint everything outside within arm's reach. So that it will be visible from afar to everyone in the street that someone lives there who is different from the imprisoned, enslaved, standardised man who lives next door. [11] In his nude speeches of 1967 and 1968 Hundertwasser condemned the enslavement of humans by the sterile grid system of conventional architecture and by the output of mechanised industrial production.
[14] He rejected rationalism, the straight line and functional architecture. For Hundertwasser, human misery was a result of the rational, sterile, monotonous architecture, built following the tradition of the Austrian architect Adolf Loos, author of the modernist manifesto Ornament and crime (1908). He called for a boycott of this type of architecture, and demanded instead creative freedom of building, and the right to create individual structures.
[16] In 1972 he published the manifesto Your window right - your tree duty. Planting trees in an urban environment was to become obligatory: If man walks in nature's midst, then he is nature's guest and must learn to behave as a well-brought-up guest. Hundertwasser propagated a type of architecture in harmony with nature is his ecological commitment. He campaigned for the preservation of the natural habitat and demanded a life in accordance with the laws of nature. He wrote numerous manifestos, lectured and designed posters in favor of nature protection, including against nuclear power, to save the oceans and the whales and to protect the rain forest. He was also an advocate of composting toilets and the principle of constructed wetland. He perceived feces not as nauseous but as part of the cycle of nature.His beliefs are testified by his manifesto The Holy Shit and his DIY guide for building a composting toilet. In the 1970s, Hundertwasser had his first architectural models built. [citation needed] The models for the Eurovision TV-show "Wünsch Dir was" (Make a Wish) in 1972 exemplified his ideas on forested roofs, tree tenants and the window right. In these and similar models he developed new architectural shapes, such as the spiral house, the eye-slit house, the terrace house and the high-rise meadow house.
In 1974, Peter Manhardt made models for him of the pit-house, the grass roof house and the green service station - along with his idea of the invisible, inaudible Green Motorway. In the early 1980s Hundertwasser remodelled the Rosenthal Factory in Selb, and the Mierka Grain Silo in Krems. These projects gave him the opportunity to act as what he called an "architecture doctor". In architectural projects that followed he implemented window right and tree tenants, uneven floors, woods on the roof, and spontaneous vegetation.
[citation needed] Works of this period include: housing complexes in Germany; a church in Bärnbach, Austria; a district heating plant in Vienna; an incineration plant and sludge centre in Osaka, Japan; a railway station in Uelzen; a winery in Napa Valley; and the Hundertwasser toilet in Kawakawa. In 1999 Hundertwasser started his last project named Die Grüne Zitadelle von Magdeburg (in German).
Although he never completed this work, the building was built a few years later in Magdeburg, a town in eastern Germany, and opened on October 3, 2005. Main article: List of buildings by Friedensreich Hundertwasser. District Heating Plant, Spittelau, Vienna, Austria.
Motorway Restaurant, Bad Fischau-Brunn, Austria. Hot Springs Village, Bad Blumau, Styria, Austria. Wohnen unterm Regenturm, Plochingen, Germany. Hundertwasser toilet, Kawakawa (New Zealand), 1999[21]. Ronald McDonald Kinder Vallei, Valkenburg aan de Geul, The Netherlands. An art gallery featuring Hundertwasser's work will be established in a council building in Whangarei, New Zealand, and will bring to fruition his 1993 plans for improving the building. Hot springs, Bad Blumau (Austria). 1959 - Kaaba-League of legends, die halbe Insel, Hamburg Collection Poppe. 1954 - Hundertwasser develops the Transautomatism art theory. The extensive work of Hundertwasser includes 26 stamps for various postal administrations. Modern Art in Austria, 1975.Council of Europe Summit, Vienna, 1993. 80th Birthday Friedensreich Hundertwasser (4 stamps in the form of a block), 2008. Senegal - art on stamps (3 stamps), 1979. United Nations Postal Administration (Vienna, Geneva and New York) - 35th Anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (6 stamps), 1983.
Liechtenstein - Homage to Liechtenstein, 1993. Two of the unrealized designs are alternative designs for a stamp issue (United Nations, Senegal) and were therefore not performed. In addition, Friedensreich Hundertwasser, has adapted some of his works for stamp issues. On the basis of these adaptations have been stamps issued by. United Nations Postal Administration (Vienna, Geneva and New York) - Social Summit (3 stamps), 1995.
Luxembourg - European Capital of Culture (3 stamps), 1995. Liechtenstein - EXPO 2000 in Hanover (3 stamps), 2000. The Austrian post office used more Hundertwasser motives for the European edition 1987 (Modern architecture, Hundertwasser House), on the occasion of his death in 2000 (painting Blue Blues, under the WIPA 2000) and 2004 National Donauauen (poster: The outdoors is our freedom at civil protests in Hainburg). For the first time a Hundertwasser motive was also used on a Cuban stamp, as part of the art exhibition Salon de Mayo (Havana, 1967). With the exception of service marks for the Council of Europe and the Cuban stamp, all stamps were engraved by Wolfgang Seidel and by the Austrian State Printing Office in a complex combination printing process produces (intaglio printing, rotogravure printing, as well as metal stamping). In 1989 Brockhaus released a 24-volume limited special edition of its encyclopedia with 1800 pieces, entirely designed by Hundertwasser. Each individual cover of this edition varies in colour of the linen as well as in the colours of foil stamping, making each copy a unique piece.No band, no cover I designed the encyclopedia is equal to the other. Nevertheless, they attack each other with all their differences and come together to form an overall picture. This is networking among themselves a symbol of knowledge, the Brockhaus gives. Stowasser: Latin-German school dictionary of Joseph Maria Stowasser. For the newly published 1994 edition of the dictionary "Little Stowasser" Hundertwasser-designed textile bindings in 100 different colour variations.
1995, Size: 20x28, 5 cm, 1688 pages, 80 full-page images, including 30 collages, the hundreds of water specifically for this Bible - Edition has created. Each Bible is characterized by a different colour combination of linen textiles. Also the specimens differ in the bright shining metal colour imprints. Each cover is made mainly by hand.
Hundertwasser's model of a proposed building to be constructed in Wellington. [23] The tiling is designed by Chris Southern, who worked with Hundertwasser on the Kawakawa toilets. In 1987, at the request of John Lydon, British designer and illustrator Richard Evans produced a homage to Hundertwasser for the cover of Public Image Limited's album Happy? 1959: Sanbra prize at the São Paulo Biennale, V. 1961: Mainichi Prize in Tokyo.1980: Grand Austrian State Prize for Visual Arts. 1981: Austrian Nature Protection Award.
1982: Award-winning Author of the year. 1985: Officier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres. 1988: Gold Medal of the City of Vienna. 1988: Gold Medal of Styria.
1997: Grand Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria[24]. Ferry Radax: Hundertwasser - Leben in Spiralen (Hundertwasser - life in spirals, 1966). Ferry Radax first documentary on his fellow-countryman.
Ferry Radax: Hundertwasser in Neuseeland (Hundertwasser in New Zealand, 1998). After 30 years Ferry Radax made a second portrait of the artist. Peter Schamoni: Hundertwasser Regentag (Hundertwasser's Rainy Day, 1972). Hundertwasser, Vollständiger Oeuvre-Katalog publiziert aus Anlass der 100.
Ausstellung der Kestner-Gesellschaft, Text by Wieland Schmied ed. New York: Rizzoli International Publications, 1986.I: Wieland Schmied: Personality, Life, Work. II: Andrea Fürst: Catalogue raisonné.
Werner Hofmann, Hundertwasser, Salzburg: Verlag Galerie Welz, 1965 (German and English editions). Francois Mathey, Hundertwasser, Naefels: Bonfini Press Corporation, 1985. Harry Rand, Hundertwasser, Cologne: Taschen, 1991 (reprint 2018). The Power of Art - The Painter-King with the Five Skins, Cologne: Taschen, 1998. 1 by Wieland Schmied: Personality, Life, Work, Vol.
2 by Andrea Christa Fürst: Catalogue Raisonné, Cologne: Taschen, 2000/2002. Pierre Restany, Hundertwasser, New York: Parkstone, 2008. Dokumente einer Kontroverse über zeitgemäße Architektur. Vienna: Edition Tusch, 1999, ISBN 3-85063-215-6. Hundertwasser Architecture, For a more human architecture in harmony with nature, Cologne: Taschen, 1997 (reprint 2018).
Hundertwasser ist ein Geschenk für Deutschland, catalogue of the exhibition at the Galerie Änne Abels, Cologne, 1963. Hundertwasser, Vollständiger Ouvre Katalog, Publiziert aus Anlass der 100.
Ausstellung der Kestner-Gesellschaft, Kestner-Gesellschaft, Hanover, 1964. : Hundertwasser, catalogue of the exhibition at the University Art Museum, University of California, Berkeley, 1968. Hundertwasser, catalogue of the exhibition at Aberbach Fine Art, New York, 1973 designed by Hundertwasser.
Hundertwasser 1973 New Zealand, published on the event of the travelling exhibition of Hundertwasser's graphic work in New Zealand and Australia 1973/74 (designed by Hundertwasser). Friedensreich Hundertwasser Regentag, catalogue of the exhibition at the Haus der Kunst, Munich, 1975 (designed by Hundertwasser). Hundertwasser, Hundertwasser Exhibition 1989, Japan Tour. Edited by Joshiharu Sasaki, Yuriko Ishikawa, Iwaki City Art Museum; Tomoko Oyagi, Tokyo Metropolitan Teien Museum; Hitoshi Morita, Ohara Museum of Art. Important Works, catalogue of the exhibition at Landau Fine Art, Montreal, 1994.
Hundertwasser, catalogue of the travelling exhibition, Tokyo: APT International, 1998. Hundertwasser, edited by Minako Tsunoda, Nagoya: Nagoya City Art Museum, 1999.Hundertwasser KunstHausWien, Cologne: Taschen, 1999 (reprint 2018). Hommage à Hundertwasser 1928/2000, catalogue of the exhibition at the Musée des Beaux-Arts et de la Dentelle, Alençon, France, 2001. Yoki Morimoto, Mayumi Hirano ed.
: Remainders of an Ideal - The Vision and Practices of Hundertwasser, catalogue of the travelling exhibition in Japan 2006/2007, Tokyo: APT International, 2006. The Yet Unknown Hundertwasser, catalogue of the exhibition at the KunstHausWien on occasion of the 80th Birthday, Munich: Prestel Verlag, 2008. Hundertwasser 2010 in Seoul, catalogue of the exhibition at the Seoul Arts Center - Hangaram Design Museum, Seoul: Maronie Books, 2010. : Hundertwasser - The Art of the Green Path, catalogue of the exhibition at the KunstHausWien, Munich: Prestel Verlag, 2011.
The fruits of the dreams. Catalogue of the exhibition at the Art Forum Würth (Capena) near Rome. Künzelsau: Swiridoff, 2008, ISBN 978-3-89929-137-7.
Christoph Grunenberg, Astrid Becker ed. : Friedensreich Hundertwasser - Gegen den Strich. Agnes Husslein-Arco, Harald Krejci, Axel Köhne ed. : Hundertwasser, Japan and the Avant-garde, catalogue of the exhibition at the Belvedere, Vienna, München: Hirmer Verlag, 2013. Sylvie Girardet, Nestor Salas ed. : Dans la peau de Hundertwasser, Salut l'artiste catalogue of the exhibition at the Musée en Herbe, Paris: Réunion des musées nationaux, 2013. Christian Gether, Stine Hoholt, Andrea Rygg Karberg Hrsg.: Hundertwasser, catalogue of the exhibition at the ARKEN Museum of Modern Art, Ishoj, Denmark, 2014. SCHÖN & GUT, catalogue of the exhibition at the Buchheim Museum, Bernried, 2016. Hundertwasser 2016 in Seoul - The Green City, catalogue of the exhibition at the Sejong Museum of Art, Seoul, 2016. Hundertwasser Malerei, Art Club, Vienna, 1952. Studio Paul Facchetti, Paris, 1954.
Hundertwasser ist ein Geschenk für Deutschland, Galerie Änne Abels, Cologne, 1963. Travelling Exhibition 1964/65, Hundertwasser: Kestner-Gesellschaft, Hanover; Kunsthalle Bern; Karl-Ernst-Osthaus-Museum, Hagen; Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam; Moderna Museet, Stockholm; Museum des 20. Travelling Exhibition 1968/69: USA, Hundertwasser; University Art Museum, Berkeley; Santa Barbara Museum of Art, Santa Barbara; The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston; The Arts Club of Chicago; The Galerie St. Etienne, New York; The Phillips Collection, Washington DC. Aberbach Fine Art, New York, 1973.
Travelling Exhibition 1973/74, Hundertwasser 1973 New Zealand, City of Auckland Art Gallery, Auckland; Govett-Brewster Art Gallery, New Plymouth; The New Zealand Academy of Fine Arts, Wellington; City Art Gallery, Christchurch; City Art Gallery, Dunedin. Travelling Exhibition, Hundertwasser 1974 Australia, National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne; Albert Hall, Canberra; Opera, Sydney.
Stowasser 1943 bis Hundertwasser 1974, Albertina, Vienna, 1974. Haus der Kunst, Munich, 1975. Austria Presents Hundertwasser to the Continents. The World Travelling Museum Exhibition took place in 43 museums in 27 countries from 1975 to 1983. Das gesamte graphische Werk, Tapisserien, Mönchehaus-Museum für Moderne Kunst, Goslar, Germany, 1978.Hundertwasser Tapisserien, Österreichisches Museum für angewandte Kunst, Vienna, 1979. Hundertwasser - Sérigraphies, eaux fortes, gravures sur bois japonaises, lithographies, Artcurial, Paris, 1980. Hundertwasser - Peintures Récentes, Artcurial, Paris, 1982.
Paintings by Hundertwasser, Aberbach Fine Art, New York, 1983. Hundertwasser - Kunst und Umwelt, Mönchehaus-Museum für Moderne Kunst, Goslar, Germany, 1984. Hundertwasser à Tahiti - Gravure, Musée Gauguin, Tahiti, 1985/1986. Hundertwasser - Aus dem graphischen Werk, BAWAG Foundation, Vienna, 1986. Travelling exhibition 1989: Japan, Hundertwasser; Tokyo Metropolitan Teien Art Museum, Tokyo; Iwaki City Art Museum, Fukushima; Ohara Museum of Art, Okayama. Hundertwasser - Important works, Landau Fine Art, Montreal, 1994/1995. Friedensreich Hundertwasser - Die Waagerechte gehört der Natur, Mönchehaus-Museum für Moderne Kunst, Goslar, Germany, 1997. Hundertwasser Retrospektive, Institut Mathildenhöhe, Darmstadt, Germany, 1998. Travelling Exhibition 1998/99: Japan, Hundertwasser; Isetan Museum of Art, Tokyo; Museum "EKi", Kyoto; Sakura City Museum of Art, Chiba. Travelling Exhibition 1999: Japan, Hundertwasser Architecture - For a More Human Architecture in Harmony With Nature, Takamatsu City Museum of Art, Takamatsu; Nagoya City Art Museum, Nagoya; Hyogo Prefectural Museum of Modern Art, Kobe; The Museum of Modern Art, Saitama. Hundertwasser - Peintures Parcours Rétrospectif, Galerie Patrice Trigano, Paris, 1999/2000. Hundertwasser Gedächtnisausstellung, Neue Galerie der Stadt Linz, Austria, 2000. Hundertwasser-Architektur - Von der Utopie zur Realität, KunstHausWien, Vienna, 2000/2001.Kunst - Mensch - Natur, Minoritenkloster, Tulln and Egon Schiele-Museum, Tulln, Lower Austria, 2004. Fantastische Architectuur, Kunsthal Rotterdam, 2004. Travelling Exhibition 2005/06: Germany, Friedensreich Hundertwasser - Ein Sonntagsarchitekt. Gebaute Träume und Sehnsüchte; Deutsches Architekturmuseum (DAM), Frankfurt; Stiftung Schleswig-Holsteinische Landesmuseen, Schloss Gottorf; Kunstforum der Bausparkasse Schwäbisch Hall AG, Schwäbisch Hall; Städtische Museen Zwickau, Kunstsammlungen, Zwickau. Travelling Exhibition 2006/07: Japan, Remainders of an Ideal.
The Visions and Practices of HUNDERTWASSER, The National Museum of Modern Art, Kyoto; Musee d`art Mercian Karuizawa; Mitsukoshi Museum, Tokyo; Shimonoseki Museum, Yamaguchi. The Art of Friedensreich Hundertwasser. A Magical Eccentric, Szépmüvészeti Museum, Budapest, 2007/2008.
La raccolta dei sogni, Art Forum Würth, Capena near Rome, 2008. Hundertwasser - Jüdische Aspekte, Jüdisches Museum Rendsburg, Julius-Magnus Haus, Rendsburg, Germany, 2008. In Harmonie mit der Natur, Minoritenkloster, Tulln, Austria, 2008. Friedensreich Hundertwasser und die Sehnsucht des Menschen nach dem Paradies, Christuskirche in Mainz and Landesmuseum Mainz, Germany, 2008. Musee d'Unterlinden, Colmar, France, 2008.
The Yet Unknown Hundertwasser, KunstHausWien, Vienna, 2008/2009. H U N D E R T W A S S E R. Symbiose von Technik, Ökologie und Kunst. Die Wiedergutmachung an Industriegebäuden, Fernwärme Wien, Vienna, 2009. Hundertwasser-Pfad durch die Fernwärme Wien, Vienna, 2009. HUNDERTWASSER 2010 IN SEOUL, Seoul Arts Center - Design Museum, Seoul, Korea, 2010/2011. Hundertwasser - The Art of the Green Path, 20 years KunstHausWien anniversary exhibition, KunstHausWien, Austria, 2011. Hundertwasser - Le Rêve de la couleur, Centre de la Vieille Charité, Marseille, France, 2012. Friedensreich Hundertwasser: Against the Grain.Hundertwasser - Japan and the Avant-garde. Österreichische Galerie Belvedere, Unteres Belvedere/Orangerie, Vienna, 2013. Dans la peau de Hundertwasser, Museé en Herbe, Paris, 2014. HUNDERTWASSER: DE RECHTE LIJN IS GODDELOOS, Cobra Museum voor Moderne Kunst, Amstelveen, Netherlands, 2013/2014.
Hundertwasser, Arken Museum, Ishøj, Denmark, 2014. Friedensreich Hundertwasser - Die Ernte der Träume, Sammlung Würth, Forum Würth Arlesheim, Switzerland, 2017. Hundertwasser - Lebenslinien, Osthaus Museum Hagen, Hagen, Germany, 2015. Schön & Gut, Buchheim Museum, Bernried, Germany, 2016/2017. Hundertwasser - The green city, Sejong Museum of Art, Seoul, Korea, 2016/2017.Hundertwasser - En route pour le bonheur! Musée de Millau et de Grands Causses, Millau, Frankreich, 2018. Akademie der bildenden Künste, Gemäldegalerie, Vienna, Austria. Akademie der bildenden Künste, Kupferstichkabinett, Vienna, Austria. Albertina, Vienna - Sammlung Essl.
Albertina, Vienna - Sammlung Batliner. Artothek des Bundes, Vienna, Austria.
Brooklyn Museum, New York, USA. Centre National d'Art et de Culture Georges Pompidou, Paris, France. Iwaki City Art Museum, Japan. KunstHausVienna, Museum Hundertwasser, Vienna, Austria. Louisiana Museum of Modern Art, Humlebaek, Denmark.
MAK - Museum für angewandte Kunst, Vienna, Austria. Mishkan Le'Omanut, Museum of Art, Ein-Harod, Israel.
MUMOK - Museum Moderner Kunst Stiftung Ludwig Wien, Vienna, Austria. Musée d'Art moderne, Troyes, France. Museo del Novecento, Collezione Boschi di Stefano, Milan, Italy. Museu de Arte Contemporanea da USP, São Paulo, Brasil. Museum der Moderne - Rupertinum, Salzburg, Austria. Museum für Kunst und Gewerbe, Hamburg, Germany.Nagoya City Art Museum, Japan. Nationalgalerie Prag / Narodni galerie v Praze, Czech Republic.
Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, Kopenhagen, Denmark. Austriaische Galerie Belvedere, Vienna, Austria. Ohara Museum of Art, Okayama, Japan.
Peggy Guggenheim Collection, Venice, Italy. Pinakothek der Moderne, Munich, Germany. San Diego Museum of Art, USA.
Guggenheim Museum, New York, USA. Sprengel Museum Hannover, Hanover, Germany. Statens Museum for Kunst, Copenhagen, Denmark. The Museum of Modern Art, New York, USA.The Niigata Prefectural Museum of Modern Art, Japan. Original Graphic Works in Museums. Erzbischöfliches Dom- und Diözesanmuseum, Vienna, Austria. KUNSTEN Museum of Modern Art Aalborg, Denmark.
KunstHausWien, Museum Hundertwasser, Vienna, Austria. Kupferstichkabinett, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Germany. McMaster Museum of Art, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada. Muscarelle Museum of Art, Williamsburg, Virginia, USA. Museo de Arte Contemporáneo, Santiago de Chile. Museumslandschaft Hessen Kassel, Museum Schloss Wilhelmshöhe, Graphische Sammlung, Germany. Muzej moderne i suvremene umjetnosti - museum of modern and contemporary art, Rijeka, Croatia. San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, USA.Spencer Museum of Art, Lawrence, USA. Takamatsu City Museum of Art, Japan. The Heckscher Museum of Art, Huntington, USA.
The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, Kansas City, USA. This item is in the category "Art\Art Prints". The seller is "memorabilia111" and is located in this country: US. This item can be shipped to United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Denmark, Romania, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Finland, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Estonia, Australia, Greece, Portugal, Cyprus, Slovenia, Japan, Sweden, Korea, South, Indonesia, Taiwan, South Africa, Thailand, Belgium, France, Hong Kong, Ireland, Netherlands, Poland, Spain, Italy, Germany, Austria, Bahamas, Israel, Mexico, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, Norway, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain, Croatia, Republic of, Malaysia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Belize, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts-Nevis, Saint Lucia, Montserrat, Turks and Caicos Islands, Barbados, Bangladesh, Bermuda, Brunei Darussalam, Bolivia, Ecuador, Egypt, French Guiana, Guernsey, Gibraltar, Guadeloupe, Iceland, Jersey, Jordan, Cambodia, Cayman Islands, Liechtenstein, Sri Lanka, Luxembourg, Monaco, Macau, Martinique, Maldives, Nicaragua, Oman, Peru, Pakistan, Paraguay, Reunion, Vietnam, Uruguay.